Henry III of England

Henry III , also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulme, Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons War. Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henrys forces, led by William Marshal, defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217. Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225, which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons. His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches, who reestablished royal authority after the war. In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father, but the invasion was a debacle. A revolt led by William Marshals son, Richard, broke out in 1232, ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church.

Henry was born in Winchester Castle onOctober 1207. He was the eldest son of King John and Isabella of Angoulme. Little is known of Henrys early life. He was initially looked after by a wet nurse called Ellen in the south of England, away from Johns itinerant court, and probably had close ties to his mother. Henry had four legitimate younger brothers and sisters Richard, Joan, Isabella and Eleanor and various older illegitimate siblings. In 1212 his education was entrusted to Peter des Roches, the Bishop of Winchester under his direction, Henry was given military training by Philip DAubigny and taught to ride, probably by Ralph of St Samson.

Source: Wikipedia